Tisha B'Av is observed with various solemn activities, including:
Fasting: Tisha B'Av is a full fast day, similar to Yom Kippur. Jews abstain from eating and drinking for 25 hours, starting from sunset on the eve of the 9th of Av until nightfall the next day.
Mourning Practices: Additional mourning practices include:
- Refraining from bathing, wearing leather shoes, and using cosmetics.
- Sitting on low stools or on the floor, symbolizing mourning and humility.
- Avoiding joyful activities and refraining from greeting others.
Reading the Book of Lamentations: The Book of Lamentations (Eicha) is read in the synagogue, lamenting the destruction of Jerusalem. Other kinot (dirges) are also recited, reflecting on the tragedies that have befallen the Jewish people.
Torah Study: Study is limited to topics related to mourning and tragedy, such as the destruction of the Temples, the Holocaust, and other historical calamities.
Clothing: People wear simple and plain clothing, avoiding festive and bright attire to reflect the mournful nature of the day.
Synagogue Services: Special prayers and liturgy are recited, including the recitation of kinot and the chanting of Eicha. The ark is often draped in black, and the lights in the synagogue are dimmed to create a somber atmosphere.
Tisha B'Av is a day of reflection, mourning, and introspection, providing an opportunity for the Jewish community to remember and learn from the past, while looking forward to a future of hope and redemption.